Serrano chile is a type of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) originating from the mountainous regions of Puebla and Hidalgo in Mexico. It is a small, slender pepper, typically 5 to 10 centimeters in length, with a bright green color that may ripen to red, brown, orange, or yellow. Serrano chiles are known for their bright, crisp flavor and medium to hot heat, ranging from 10,000 to 25,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHU).
Unlike jalapeños, they are usually consumed raw due to their thin skin, which does not roast or peel easily. They are commonly used in salsas, sauces, and marinades in Mexican cuisine, contributing both heat and freshness. The name "serrano" refers to the sierra or mountains where the pepper originated.